Sentence examples for reciprocal fertilization from inspiring English sources

While conjugation may be considered a process of reciprocal fertilization, a parallel sexual phenomenon in ciliates, which takes place in single, unpaired individuals, may be considered a process of self-fertilization.

During conjugation, a temporary union between two cells, the conjugants acquire new micronuclei through recombination and reciprocal fertilization, and in the process become genetically identical.

This hypothesis is strengthened by a study of reciprocal in vitro fertilization efficiency between PO and BW [54].

Experimental families were produced by artificial fertilization via a series of reciprocal crosses.

We further investigated the growth of pollen tubes inside the pistils after reciprocal crosses to explore the underlying mechanism of the fertilization defect in amiR-atpv42b-1.

For example, the predominant accumulation of PolIV-dependent 24-nt siRNAs was transcribed from the maternal genome after fertilization in Arabidopsis seeds of the Columbia and Landsberg erecta reciprocal crosses.

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle litter originating from control plots and plots that had received a wood ash fertilization (3 t ha−1) 19 yr earlier were allowed to decompose in a reciprocal experimental design to detect the effects of ash fertilization and needle litter origin on the decomposition rate.

Between May 19 22, 2008, we released approximately 30 000 unfed salmon fry (salmon ready to commence exogenous feeding, approximately 5 months after egg fertilization) from the different cross types into the wild, according to a reciprocal transplant design and using three sites per river (Fig. 2; Table 1).

For example, Ndoutoumou et al. [ 12] found that low seed set in reciprocal crosses between Phaseolus vulgaris and P. coccineus was largely because of embryo abortion after fertilization.

To determine whether the SD loci detected in the F2 populations originated from female function (embryo-sac effect), male function (pollen effect), or post-fertilization selection among zygotes (hereafter, zygotic selection), genotype ratios were compared in pairs of reciprocal backcross to each parent.

Fertilization is external.