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In this study, however, the gradual decline of reproductive rates compared with controls allow no inference on adaptation, as no reciprocal exposure experiment was performed that compared control versus OA selection lines under fully crossed conditions (e.g. Collins 2011).
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First, although we document strong genotype × genotype interactions, the design of our study does not allow to directly test for local genetic adaptation by comparing sympatric and allopatric combinations and reciprocal exposures.
Reciprocal effects of insecticide exposure on subsequent fungal efficacy were assessed by comparing uncorrected mortality rates between day 3 and day 4 for mosquito groups exposed on day 0 to insecticide (Group 3), fungus (Groups 5 & 9), or both (Groups 7 & 11).
By considering bi-directional and reciprocal relations between risk exposures and patients' behaviour, clinicians may develop a fuller picture of the causes of disorder and develop more effective treatment methods.
This action of hnRNPC1/C2 appears to contribute to normal VDR signaling capacity by occupying VDREs in the basal state and by participating in reciprocal cyclical VDRE binding following exposure to the VDR-activating ligand, 1,25(OH)2D.
Indirectly, studies of psychological distress, which includes depression subscales, have shown mixed associations with motor vehicle collisions involvement, [ 32, 33] while the reciprocal link between depression and exposure to violence is quite robust [ 34, 35].
Thus, although early studies of lead and cognitive function argued that controlling for education was an important necessity, when including the contribution of early life lead exposures, the potential reciprocal causation may lead to an underestimation of the association between lead dose and cognitive function if education is included in regression models.
There's a voyeuristic thrill to the exposure, a swell of reciprocal pleasure, but the real joy lies in the artfulness with which she uses these intimate episodes as a way of unwrapping the larger issue of what it means to be a woman, both object and subject of desire.
To disentangle maternal and paternal influences, two different bacteria were used in a fully reciprocal design for parental and offspring exposure.
One of the big issues with trolls is that there is no reciprocal liability and no vulnerability to patents, which allows trolls to be aggressive and operate with near impunity as there is nothing a product company can use to offset its exposure to the troll's patents.
The relation between print exposure and reading skill is reciprocal: Individual differences in print exposure both predict and are predicted by individual differences in reading and reading-related skills (Mol & Bus, 2011).
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