Gene flow frequency may, however, fluctuate substantially, depending on several factors including the distance between the pollen donor and the recipient, wind direction and speed, and sexual compatibility.
We examined how culture and recipient perspective affect direction giving during wayfinding.
One idea is that jamming signals create a "phantom echo" that sends the recipient in the wrong direction.
When it isn't caught, it might steer the recipient in the wrong direction by causing him or her to perceive and pursue a strength that doesn't actually exist.
The foundation, in a news release, states that the fellowships are given in recognition of a recipient's "originality, self-direction and capacity to contribute importantly to society".
Working with SSRC as both a recipient of a New Directions in the Study of Prayer grant through Columbia University's Institute for Religion, Culture and Public Life (full disclosure) and as a professor and creator of both academic content and mass-market religious and secular media, I have an inside opportunity to speak to some SSRC "early adopters".
UK policy direction for recipients of unemployment and sickness benefits is to support these people into employment by increasing 'into work' interventions.
Unlike mentoring, coaching also gives the recipient more say on the direction of their professional development and encourages them to take more ownership of their CPD.
That seemingly simple formula is not so simple, when shortly after the Final Divorce Decree is entered, the pendulum swings in the other direction, and the recipient's need is reduced because of a third party off-setting the overall costs of living.
Since it is often not possible to be sure of the eye-gaze of gorillas, and gaze generally follows head orientation, we scored as "attending" individuals whose head was facing in the direction of the recipient, ±45° (see Fig. 5).
Was the gesture modality appropriate for the audience's ability to perceive the gesture, with attention paid to the gaze direction of the recipient especially in the case of silent visual gestures, and tactile gestures associated more with cases where the recipient would be unable to see a distal movement?
