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For a signalling system to be stable, signals must confer net fitness benefits to senders and receivers, which means that some aspect of their design must correlate with a quality that receivers benefit from knowing about.
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North Carolina's receivers benefited from Keldorf's passing proficiency.
Complementarily, antenna array-based receivers can benefit from spatial domain processing and thus mitigate the interferences exploiting spatial diversity.
And the explanation that receivers will benefit from better quality messages seems dubious.
These are exactly the circumstances that should favour the evolution of communication, because both signaller and receiver benefit from the information transfer.
Optionally, DVB-T2 can use Alamouti coding mode that is especially effective in SFNs where a receiver can benefit from multiple input signals simultaneously received from more than one transmitter (Multiple Input Single Output - MISO).
Signals thus evolve because they modify the behaviour of the receiver to benefit the signaller.
Hence, signals used to recognise competitors or predators may result in inappropriate behavioural responses when individuals are exposed to novel or unfamiliar signals, which can have negative fitness consequences for the receiver and/or benefit the novel (invasive) species [ 42, 45].
It seems so obvious: by giving tactically, emotionally, financially or spiritually, the receiver benefits, the giver feels happier, lighter, more positive and the whole process initiates a butterfly effect of goodness".
Compatible receivers will therefore benefit from greater service volume, availability and accuracy.
We contend that adopting a theoretical framework explicitly based on the evolutionary scenarios leading to signal unreliability has advantages over traditional schemes focusing exclusively on whether signals benefit receivers or not.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com