The S1 cell model recapitulates the formation of hemidesmosomes with α6β4 integrins [ 17] that are critical for the establishment of basal polarity and are observed in vivo [ 3].
The much higher stiffness of chromosomes isolated from Xenopus cells implies that chromosome assembly in extracts might not completely recapitulate the formation of mitotic chromosomes in vivo.
The EMT assay recapitulates the formation of AV valve progenitors from endothelial precursors (Boyer et al., 1999; Markwald et al., 1977; Potts and Runyan, 1989; Yang and Weinberg, 2008).
Pigs can recapitulate the formation of diabetes- and inflammation-induced AS lesions [ 12, 13], which are currently, mostly induced by toxicity to drugs (e.g.,streptozotocin and alloxan), causing pancreatic β-cell ablation, and AS lesions are also induced by feeding with an atherogenic diet [ 14, 15], rather than natural development subsequent to metabolic syndrome or diabetes.
It has been suggested that this represents attempted pancreas regeneration by recapitulating the original formation of pancreatic acini in relation to branching pancreatic ducts [ 25].
While EBs present a valuable model system that recapitulates many events in the formation of the embryonic tissues, they comprise many more cells and clearly lack the organization of the blastocyst with its three distinct cell types.
In this work, we successfully developed and characterized a mouse model recapitulating a major step of the disease: the formation of Mikulicz cells.
In most instances, these intrinsic repair mechanisms recapitulate many of the processes involved in the formation of an organ during embryogenesis.
Moreover, ablation of Rpgrip1 expression in the mouse recapitulates well the human disease by strongly suppressing the formation of the outer segments of photoreceptors and causing the rapid degeneration of these neurons and ultimately, blindness (Won et al., 2009).
