This temptation, however, is one of the reasons for the presumption against an objective review of business decisions by judges, a presumption that is no less applicable when the losses to the Company are large.
Another reason may be the presumptions of the researchers from developing world about the editorial bias against their nationality.
"When I first started, there were an awful lot of presumptions about photography," he reasons.
Here there is added reason for applying the presumption of validity; for the regulation now challenged was adopted after notice and public hearing as the statute required.
Some argue, more strongly, that public reason therefore involves a presumption in favor of liberty (Gaus 2011, 341 46).
Here, I believe the separate spheres' proponent needs to provide a reason to overcome the presumption that the special concern justice requires for the worse off should focus on people's overall levels of well-being, their lives as a whole, not on only a limited domain of well-being.
Other than the Court's reliance on inapplicable presumptions and speculation, there is no reason to believe that the jury understood the judge's answer to its question.
But if the stakes in combating it are to include three-digit prison sentences, there is reason to be skeptical about laws that revise the usual procedures and presumptions.
No inferences, implications, or presumptions of legislative construction or intent are to be drawn or made by reason of such tables.
If emotional responses often trump reason, there can be no presumption that people act in their own best interest.
We normally presume that States enforce their own laws, Riley v. National Federation of Blind of N. C., Inc., 487 U.S. 781, 795 (1988), and there is no reason to depart from that presumption here: Nothing suggests that Californias controls are ineffective.
