This mechanism is consistent with that of bacterial chemoreceptors, which form clusters of variable sizes (250±120 nm) that rearrange upon stimulation [31].
It is also important to note that the C-terminal helix (αC) assumes a similar position in the apo, GMPPNP and the GDP structures of FtsY, but rearranges upon complex formation with Ffh.
We have clarified this in the Results section under: "The Rev dimer rearranges upon RNA binding".
Access to the proteolytic sites sequestered within these tunnels is controlled by PDZ domains that rearrange upon substrate binding.
Another important question is how the MscL channels open, that is how the helices rearrange upon channel activation (i.e., from the closed state to the open state).
These comments are related to issue (2) above, and we have made changes to the Results section under: The Rev dimer rearranges upon RNA binding, to clarify the issue and raise alternative possibilities.
Recent studies have shown that HER1-HER1 homodimers and HER1-HER2 heterodimers also exist in inactive, non-ligand bound conformations which may structurally rearrange upon ligand binding to form actively signaling complexes [ 10- 14].
Electron crystallography of 2D crystals, side-directed tryptophan fluorescence, ion accessibility studies and MD simulations have all found conformational changes or an intrinsically high degree of flexibility in this half helix (Appel et al., 2009; Kozachkov and Padan, 2011; Rimon et al., 2012), and we find that the corresponding region in MjNhaP1 also moves or rearranges upon Na+ binding.
Jewel made immediate repairs in her mind, removing layers and ornaments, a habit she'd probably acquired from living in a house that was constantly being rearranged and improved upon.
CCDC6 is a pro-apoptotic phosphoprotein substrate of the kinase ataxia telangectasia mutated (ATM) able to sustain DNA damage checkpoint in response to genotoxic stress and is commonly rearranged in malignancies upon fusion with different partners.
