Lastly, the study found that the use of heart rate as a trigger mechanism resulted in many more reallocations of function than a performance-based measure.
We found that seed production initially increases as females become more common because we assumed that they have higher seed production due to the reallocation of resources from male function to female function.
Similarly, for females, seed set was determined by randomly sampling from a Poisson distribution with mean (1 + f) o, where f represents the fertility advantage of females over hermaphrodites due to reallocation of resources from male function.
Even if the enhanced energy demand of stress resistance can be met by increased feeding, it may still result in a reallocation of energy from fitness-related functions such as reproduction and growth to maintenance and damage repair [ 90].
In that study, infection promoted a progressive loss of energy reserves and hyperglycemia as a consequence of hyperactivation of the transcription factor FOXO. Dionne et al. [ 59] argued that the appearance of wasting was an unintended byproduct of a massive reallocation of energy reserves towards immune function.
These, in turn, can lead to reallocation of resources not available for other functions such as growth and reproduction, which likely translate into impaired fitness.
It seems plausible that the reallocation of resources therefore follows a nonlinear function in brain areas which differ from the working-memory network itself.
Compensation is defined as any difference in fitness between hermaphrodites and females (Delph et al. 2007) and can be due to a number of factors such as reallocation of resources from male to female function, inbreeding depression (Darwin 1877) or male biased herbivory (Ashman 2002).
Although our data provide no direct measure of sex allocation, various studies confirmed rapid strategic reallocation of resources towards a hermaphrodite's male function with increasing social group size (reviewed in [ 29]).
The reallocation of and control of amino acids from normal physiological functions to production of APR proteins is probably the greatest effect we have observed.
