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By contrast, every publisher is boasting of improved numbers of people reading titles online.
When I was a teenager YA didn't exist and I would have had serious doubts about the idea of reading titles adults had declared suitable for me.
While waiting for a book to be delivered from the stacks, I dawdled along the open shelves that line one side of the room, killing time by reading titles, and I came across a set of volumes on each of whose spines was lettered: "CENSUS 1790 / HEADS OF FAMILIES".
In the first phase selection, the observers screened the articles by reading titles and abstracts.
English titles of medical research articles (RAs) are of great importance, the quality of which can, to a certain degree, affect impact factors of the articles, because many readers will make a decision as to whether to read on after reading titles.
By reading titles and abstracts, we excluded 728 studies that were clearly duplicates, review articles, case reports or non-clinical studies.
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Extract 4: I am reading title of graph.
Furthermore, they assessed the graph features through scanning x-axis and y- axis, reading caption, reading title, and scanning colors of bars.
After removing duplicate studies, and reading title and abstract of all the 2394 papers according to Step 2, the result was a set of 101 potentially relevant studies.
The papers that were identified were first screened by reading title and abstract.
Full paper copies were obtained for all studies not eliminated after reading title and abstract.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com