The acute phase of any autoimmune disease is initiated when autoaggressive effector T cells invade their target organs and become locally reactivated upon encountering the specific antigen.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00312.017 In contrast to the DG, CA1 neurons activated during contextual memory formation were preferentially reactivated upon retrieval of the memorized contextual information, even though the context was later associated with an emotional value (in our case, fear).
The version of SecA with its clamp locked open, as expected, did not respond appreciably to vesicles containing SecYEG or to pre-protein, but was reactivated upon release of the PPXD with DTT.
Importantly, the infecting bacilli in LTBI are not necessarily killed but can persist in a viable, dormant state, which may be reactivated upon immune compromise of the host, even decades after initial infection, causing symptomatic disease (reactivation TB).
In addition, several studies have suggested that a number of genes that remain silent in modern birds can be reactivated upon appropriate signaling [58], [59] and it might be the case when two genomes that have been separated by thousands or million years met again following hybridization [60], [61].
Significantly, our results show that E. coli gabD gene product is inactive in the presence of H2O2 and can be reactivated upon addition of DTT (Figure S3).
Our data indicate that the capacity to produce ketone bodies is reactivated upon short-term fasting.
In the latter three, it appeared as if vaccine viruses were reactivated upon challenge with heterologous virus.
Previous work on NPC biopsy demonstrated that CTL precursors specific for various EBNAs can be reactivated upon stimulation of TILs with autologous LCLs but did not detect any responses to LMP2 or any other NPC-associated viral protein [23].
As in humans, LTBI in CDC1551-infected rabbits can be reactivated upon treatment with immunosuppressive agents.
