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There are multiple steps to obtaining an adequate sample size for an RCT consisting of cancer survivors.
The study is a parallel-group RCT consisting of 12 months of intervention (Phase 1) and 12 months of monitoring (Phase 2).
For instance, in a multicentre RCT consisting of 45 centres each recruiting 4 patients, the empirical variance of the estimator of the treatment effect resulting from the fixed-effects model was 24.8% and 26.0% greater than that from the random-effects model when the ICC was 0.01 and 0.05, respectively.
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This RCT consists of three study arms (see Figure 1).
The clinical RCT consists of a 1 month run-in and 3 months intervention.
The RCT consisted of two conditions, the intervention condition (6 months of CBT) and waiting list condition (6 months).
The total discharge cohort (n = 343) in the larger RCT consisted of 285 community-dwelling participants and 58 residential facility participants, therefore 22% of residential facility discharges and 9.8% of community discharges resulted in readmission to hospital due to a fall in the six months after discharge.
A simulated RCT consisted of three components: (i) a sequence of subject ID (accession) numbers; (ii) a sequence of the Reverse Propensity Score (RPS) [ 11] per subject ID with regard to the propensity of the subject to be allocated to Group A; and (iii) a sequence of dichotomous outcomes per subject ID (Y = 1 or 0).
The current meta-analysis includes two additional RCTs, consisting of 612 patients, compared with those published previously [ 14, 21].
The benefits of early (< 2 hours) and delayed (> 2 hours) surfactant administration have been recently reviewed [ 4] in a meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials (RCTs), consisting of two trials with synthetic (Exosurf Neonatal) and four using animal-derived surfactant preparations [ 64- 69].
The two RCTs consist of 16-week multicenter randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trials with a washout period of one week (MPH) or three weeks (FLX).
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