Since the wavefront produced by the X-rays transmitted through the phase object is advanced in comparison with the wavefront traveling in the air, the hologram becomes dark.
The X-rays transmitted through the sample were magnified by a Fresnel zone-plate objective lens and captured by a CCD camera.
The specialist is able to view real-time ENT images at a bandwidth of 384 kbit/s as well as hearing test results and X-rays transmitted via a document camera.
In digital mammography the screen-film image receptor is replaced by a detector that produces an electronic signal that precisely and predictably (with generally linear or logarithmic response) tracks the fluence of X-rays transmitted by the breast over a very wide range.
The conclusion is that the dominant loss mechanism is the loss of rays transmitting through the tips due to TIR.
As shown in Fig. 1 the propagating optical ray is transmitted through the first microsphere surface and afterwards transmitted on the other side of the microsphere following inverted Snell's law: The incident angle is θ T and the transmitted angle is θ in.
For example, if boric oxide is present, X-rays are transmitted and rare-earth glasses will exhibit low dispersion and a high refractive index.
A detector, located behind the sample, records the x-ray flux transmitted through the sample.
The absorption spectra (optical density, OD) were obtained as OD = −ln(I/I0), where I is the x-ray intensity transmitted from the sample, and I0 is the recorded without samples.
