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High cost of raw material procurement.
The supplier's decision variables are raw material procurement q i, and his profit function is given by Eq. (5).
The results herein show these groups possessed significant landscape knowledge and patterned lithic raw material procurement strategies.
It shows that the environmental cost caused by raw material procurement and final product manufacturing cannot exceed a specified upper bound.
Supplier decides about the amount of raw material procurement (q i ), and similarly, manufacturer decides about the amount of final product production (Q j ).
Second, handling and treating chemicals in raw material procurement, production, distribution and (re- use re- use experequirend awarexpertiserisks involved.
Similar(41)
The MPC i and PPC j represent environmental pollution cost of raw materials' procurement and final products' production, respectively.
As expressed before, negative values of t i and T j state that government (leader) assigns subsidies to raw materials procurement and final products production, respectively.
The application of thin-section petrography on 32 ceramic samples has permitted the reconstruction of production, in particular raw materials procurement and paste preparation method, of indigenous ceramics; and more importantly, provided an insight into the socio-cultural dynamics involved in the organisation of producing these ceramics during the pre-Colonial times.
Procurement cost of raw material r in suppliers in a period follows a uniform distribution, i.e., PR srt ∼Uniform [5, 18].
Furthermore, there are some constraints for the supplier, which includes constraint (6) that indicates procurement capacity, and constraint (7) that shows raw material production's value is a nonnegative number.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com