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Three groups of rats were considered: SHAM, Bile Duct Ligation (BDL), BDL + hyperammonic dietary (BDL-NH3).
A variation threshold (100 µm²/s) was defined as the variation value below which 95% of the voxels in the sham rats were considered as stable by the PRM analysis.
Rats were considered end-stage (endpoint) when they no longer exhibited reflexes allowing them to right themselves within 30 seconds.
The different groups were compared in terms of survival time, increase in median survival time (IMST %), maximal survival time, and long-term survivors (rats were considered to be long-term survivors if they survived twice the median survival time of control groups [11]).
These rats were considered openers.
Lean Zucker rats were considered healthy controls.
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In the Chinese zodiac, rats are considered witty, imaginative and curious.
Kangaroo rats are considered medium-sized, weighing 35 to 180 grams (1.2 to 6.3 ounces), with a body 10 to 20 cm (4 to 8 inches) long and a tail of similar length.
Filament range is assessed as a whole; possible test designs are compared; techniques of filament application to mice and rats are considered; curve fitting software is introduced; possibilities for data pooling and curve fitting are evaluated.
In the science community, 90 day studies of rats are considered long term.
The impact of rats is considered only in breeding birds, whereas the impact of fishery concerns non-breeding and immature birds as well [41].
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