(van Inwagen 1995, 224 7) The best-developed positive mysterian theory is that of James Anderson, who develops Alvin Plantinga's epistemology so that beliefs in mysteries (merely apparent contradictions) may be rational, warranted, justified, and known (Anderson 2005, 2007).
Even when you eliminate rational warrant for the inference, people still make the association: somehow we can't not.
As atheists, we should state clearly that no religion has any rational warrant, and that many churches and sects promote cruelty, ignorance, and civil rights abuses.
Rorty's position is that we have no notion of rational warrant that exceeds, or transcends, or grounds, the norms that liberal intellectuals take to define thorough, open-minded, reflective discussion.
Fitting attitude (FA) theories propose to analyze value, or some limited range of values, in terms of evaluative attitudes endorsed as fitting or, alternatively, as appropriate, correct, merited, proper, rational, or warranted.
While it is true that causal processes do warrant inferences of the sort Russell has in mind, it is not the case that all rational inferences are warranted by the existence ('postulation', in Russell's thinking) of causal lines.
That task would require consideration of the various arguments within philosophical theology for the existence of an absolutely perfect being — the ontological, cosmological, teleological, and moral arguments, among others — as well as various arguments that no such arguments are required for such belief to be rational and perhaps even warranted.
The suggestion, then, is that Arcesilaus' beliefs in the importance of knowledge and the inadequacy of mere opinion are explicitly non-rational, in the sense that he is not persuaded that they are warranted by a rational argument or theory, or even by the extensive argument he has devoted his life to.
Our results show that rational design of antigens is warranted for further development of malaria vaccines.
By explicitly representing conditional dependencies between the volcanological model and observations, BBNs use probability theory to treat uncertainties in a rational and auditable manner, as warranted by the strength of the scientific evidence.
Rhetoric is distinct from both rational demonstration with its fully warranted conclusions and the sheer sophistry of clever talk designed to extort agreement from people by the use of threats or false promises.
