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The red dot represents the nominal tested tetrapod of Fig. 3 (ζ=1, t/d=0.003) while the green dots correspond to its size scaling with t/d=const.=0.003, or to the aspect ratio scaling only (ζ=1).
This paper mainly contributes towards optimizing the geometrical (aspect ratio scaling) and process parameters of interconnects especially for subthreshold circuits to increase their speed.
It has been found that aspect ratio scaling significantly reduces the interconnect delay and switching energy and at minimum aspect ratio, Cu wire performs better than even an optimized mixed CNT bundle for global interconnect length under subthreshold conditions.
Level-anchored ratio scaling, such as the Borg CR10 scale® and the Borg CR100 scale®, uses verbal anchors in congruence with numbers to give ratio data together with natural levels of intensity.
This result –as previously also found for aerobic capacity gives a strong support for the use of verbal anchors, so common in category scaling, also in "ratio scaling" and that the Borg CR-scales fulfill the requirements for ratio scales.
Towards this end, we first define the observed subgroup having the smallest observed-to-expected ratio (scaling subgroup), as consisting only of randomly paired proteins.
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Colors represent log2-transformed ChIP / input ratio scaled by row, or absolute DNA methylation level.
Consistently, the wall thickness to cell diameter ratio scaled ρf/ρs with a power constant of 1.05.
As aforementioned, we decided to do a log-ratio scaling.
To enhance the influence of scaling on data, Box-Whiskers plots are contained in the Additional file 1: Fig. K shows raw data, Fig. L shows column-centring, Fig. M autoscaling and Fig. N log-ratio scaling.
It provides an absolute, ratio scale.
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