Figure 6 Expected subcarrier allocation versus the ratio of utilities C. Figure 7 Expected rates versus the ratio of two utilities C. Resource allocation for video conferencing can benefit from modeling user satisfaction as a sigmoid function of the average bit rate over a time window of a group of pictures.
2. The further assumptions would need to relate particular options to particular privileged levels of utility; for instance, one would need to argue that a rational agent's preference ordering should incorporate, say, a privileged zero-utility option, in which case ratios of utility distances from this option would be meaningful.
The S/N ratio analysis of utility values was performed using MINITAB 16 statistical software.
An energy-efficiency metric corresponds to the ratio of attained utility (e.g. transmission distance reached, area covered, output power, bits transmitted, etc).
This is the rough ratio of the utility of loss relative to gain as measured experimentally by Kahneman and Tversky and confirmed by many other academics since their original work.
In return, the curvature of the indifference curve indicates that the ratio of marginal utilities is not a constant but depends on the individual's position in attribute space [see eq. (4 ], implying that the assumption of constant ß's in eq. (5) can be a local approximation at best.
This is also equal to the ratio of marginal utilities that individuals' derive from the consumption of sports and exercise and other goods.
The willingess to trade between two profiles or attributes with utility held constant (along an indifference curve) is defined as the marginal rate of substitution and can be derived as the ratio of marginal utilities: MRS2,1 = - d x2/d x1 = (∂ UB - UA/∂ x1)/(∂ UB - UA/∂ x2) = MU1/MU2.
Our measure of efficiency is defined as the worst case ratio of the total utility of a utility proportional fair rate vector and the maximum possible total utility.
In the context of choice modelling willingness-to-pay may be estimated as the ratio of the marginal utility of one attribute and the negative marginal disutility of price.
