ratify by

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "ratify by" is correct and usable in written English.
It is typically used in legal or formal contexts to indicate the approval or confirmation of an agreement or treaty by a specific entity or authority. Example: "The treaty will be ratified by the Senate after thorough review and discussion."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Encyclopedias

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

12 human-written examples

The people may be asked to ratify, by a constituent referendum (Article 89), an amendment already passed by the two houses of the parliament.

Encyclopedia Britannica

Russia expects to ratify by the end of the year, meaning only one or two smaller countries would be needed to put the treaty into effect.

The New York Times

France said it would try to ratify by June a pact allowing French and British immigration officers to check passengers boarding the Eurostar train in Paris.

The New York Times

Just ask EU diplomats and politicians as they ponder dozens of questions left unanswered by the Lisbon treaty that their bosses signed last year and pledged to ratify by the end of 2008.

The Economist

The new law – which authorities expect to ratify by the end of the year – would allow only legally married couples to file for parental rights of a child born to a surrogate mother.

The Guardian - Lifestyle

The U.S. Senate enjoys special powers not shared by the House of Representatives: it must ratify by a two-thirds majority vote the international treaties concluded by the president and must confirm the president's appointments to the cabinet and to other important executive offices.

Encyclopedia Britannica

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

46 human-written examples

All decisions are ratified by internal committees.

Independent

This was subsequently ratified by the RFU Board.

Independent

If ratified by the I.A.A.F.

The New York Times

It is already ratified by Portugal and Greece.

The Guardian

It was ratified by the cabinet.

The Guardian

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When writing formally, ensure the entity doing the ratifying and the method or deadline are clearly stated. For example, "The treaty will be ratified by the Senate before the end of the year."

Common error

Avoid using "ratify by" when you simply mean 'approve'. "Ratify" implies a formal, often legal or governmental, validation process. If the context is less formal, "approve" is a better fit.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "ratify by" functions as a prepositional phrase specifying the agent or method of ratification. It indicates the entity or process responsible for providing formal approval, aligning with Ludwig's analysis as correct and usable in formal contexts.

Expression frequency: Uncommon

Frequent in

News & Media

40%

Encyclopedias

35%

Formal & Business

10%

Less common in

Science

5%

Wiki

5%

Reference

5%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "ratify by" is a grammatically correct and formally recognized way to indicate the method or entity responsible for the ratification process. According to Ludwig, the phrase is most commonly encountered in news and media, encyclopedias and business contexts. When writing with "ratify by", ensure to specify clearly both the body doing the ratification and the means. Keep in mind that 'ratify' is more formal than 'approve', and is typically applied to legally binding or officially recognized scenarios.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

ratify via

Replaces "by" with "via", indicating the channel through which ratification occurs.

ratify using

Replaces "by" with "using", focusing on the instrument used for ratification.

ratify through the process of

Expands "by" to explicitly state the process involved in ratification.

confirm through

It focuses on verifying or establishing something's accuracy through a set procedure.

approve through

This alternative emphasizes the means or channel through which approval is given.

ratify with

It highlights the entity or group granting ratification.

validate via

This option focuses on the action of confirming the legitimacy of something through a specific method.

ratify following

It focuses on action of confirming after something.

endorse through

This suggests supporting something formally using a specific process.

sanction by means of

This alternative implies official permission or approval granted through a particular method.

FAQs

How is "ratify by" typically used in a sentence?

The phrase "ratify by" is used to indicate the process by which an agreement, treaty, or decision is formally approved or confirmed. For example, "The agreement must be ratified by the legislature." It indicates that the legislature's approval is required for the agreement to be valid.

What are some alternatives to "ratify by"?

Depending on the context, you can use phrases like "approve through", "validate via", or "endorse through" as alternatives to "ratify by".

Is there a difference between "ratified by" and "ratify by"?

"Ratified by" is the past participle form, used when something has already been ratified. "Ratify by" is an infinitive used to describe a future action or a process to be completed. For instance, "The treaty was ratified by the Senate" (past), versus "The treaty needs to be ratified by the Senate" (future).

When should I use "ratify by" instead of "approve by"?

"Ratify" suggests a formal and legally binding endorsement, often used in the context of international agreements, constitutional amendments, or significant organizational policies. "Approve by" is a more general term for giving consent or acceptance and is appropriate in less formal settings.