Divide the discount rate required by the number of periods per year to arrive at the required rate of return per period, k.
Also, the hours were long and the work rate required was legendary.
The run rate required leapt up to eight an over as Kallis and Amla crept along in ones and twos.
Defending the exchange rate required official intervention that was eating away at the country's reserves.
Is this any way to go if the job is to promote social transformation on the scale and at the rate required in response to climate change?
The real rate required to raise demand enough to balance investment and saving is called the equilibrium real rate.
Last winter, when it became apparent that the airline could not emerge from bankruptcy without defaulting on the pilots' pensions, the government made calculations using the rate required by law when plans are terminated.
"Nine months later we were growing but not at the rate required by the VC, so I went to a meeting with the handler to discuss next steps," he says.
Mail Online made an average of £4.6m a month in revenue in the five-month period covered by a trading update published on Thursday, short of the £5m-a-month run rate required across the year to hit the target.
Most machines in some form have settings according to the fibre of clothes, temperature and spin rate required, but some additional features may be worth investing in depending on your need.
Private-sector earnings have risen by 6.2% over the past year, well above the rate required to meet the Bank of England's inflation target of 2.5%.
