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However, this restricted analysis included one study with an exceptionally high placebo response rate, one study that was only published as an abstract.
Different variables are used in different studies: stroke volume index (five studies), cardiac index or output (three studies), increase in oxygen consumption (one study) or aortic blood flow rate (one study).
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They used the same type of risk-of-bias rating but rated one study [ 33] high quality whereas potential for performance bias merits down-rating.
Reported outcomes included improved lung function (five studies) (29, 30, 49, 51, 54), improved nutritional status (seven studies), (28, 29, 49– 53), improved blood glucose/A1C control (two studies) (50, 53), decreased pulmonary exacerbation rates (one study) (49), and decreased mortality (one study) (1).
The estimated 1-year survival rate in one study was 45.8%; more than half of deaths are caused by infection.
Smoking marijuana raises the heart rate and one study found that heart-attack risk rises fivefold in the hour after lighting up, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Exercise intensity was reported in terms of percentage of V o2 max, V o2 peak, or maximum heart rate (HR); one study reported exercise intensity in terms of kilocalories expended per week.
If the nearest safe well is within 50 m, the well switching rate in one study area was shown to be 68%, while if the nearest safe well was greater than 150 m away the well switching rate declined to 44% [ 15].
11 13 15 A systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 ciclosporin studies reported a mean short-term response rate of 73% but poor long-term response rates 11; one study reported that 65% of patients relapsed after 1 year, 90% relapsed after 3 years 13 and 58% needed colectomy after 7 years.
While mainstream economic projections estimate AB 32 impacts that fall within a range of negligible positive or negative economic growth rates, only one study considers innovation potential.
Nine studies were rated as poor for methodological quality [14 16, 46, 50, 67, 69 71] due to insufficient participant numbers to satisfy a higher rating and one study did not assess the correlation between isometric squat and the criterion test 1RM squat [69].
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com