Sentence examples for rate of duplication from inspiring English sources

In the last 15 years, there has been a considerable amount of work on the subject, relating to each other such factors as rate of duplication, rate of duplicate retention, rate of sequence divergence between duplicates, subfunctionalization, speciation, etc.

Since our goal was to estimate the rate of duplication of meiosis-related genes, whether the duplicated genes were created as a result of the duplication of a segment of the genome (segmental duplications) or as the result of the duplication of a single gene was not assessed.

The high rate of duplication of CAD genes and the retention of most duplicates raises the question of their functional redundancy.

In addition, the rate of transposable element transposition may differ between strains or the rate of duplication may be higher for genes that are already tandemly duplicated because this could increase the chance of unequal crossing over.

Conceptually, rate of duplication has to be considered as the resultant of a three-step process: duplicating mutations, fixation of duplicates, and finally maintenance of duplicates (long-term survival).

Scientists are hesitant to speculate about precisely how the acceleration in the rate of duplication arose in the human and chimp lineage, and how it affected human evolution.

Comparing areas of DNA duplication in the genome sequence, researchers found a burst in the rate of duplications right before orangutans split from the tree, and a second burst before chimps and humans diverged, according to research published today in the journal Nature.

Pairs of conserved spacers are in the same order even in the most distant genomes in the species, despite the low observed rate of duplications and the very high rate of deletions observed in E. coli genomes [26].

For di-, tetra- and hexanucleotidic insertions, the rate of duplications was 1, 2, and 3 orders of magnitude higher, respectively.

Clade Ia had the lowest rate of duplications among the larger clades, with two local triplets within the Populus-dominated MATL subclade (Table 1).

In addition, the rate of duplications among genes derived through HGTs is significantly higher than among indigenous ones in bacteria [ 85].