Starting in the 1970s, the benefits of a more open trade policy were superseded by the perils of real exchange rate appreciation, in a context where external indebtedness served to compensate in the short run for the distributional effects of trade openness.
Differences in prevalence could be due to dissimilarities in the definition of victimization, but they might also be explained by the use of other informants, since teachers rate in a different context and with different references than parents [ 17, 18].
Workplace-based assessment relies on judgments by professionals, who typically have to perform their rating tasks in a context of time pressure, non-standardized assessment tasks and ill-defined or competing goals (Murphy and Cleveland 1995).
Although turnover is a normal part of the professional life-cycle, and can be beneficial in some cases, it is the cause of concern when it happens at increasingly fast rates and in a context of pre-existing shortages and workforce imbalances [ 58].
Mutation rates vary in a context-dependent fashion (Blake et al. 1992; Hess et al. 1994; Hwang and Green 2004; Walser and Furano 2010), which has necessitated the modification of phylogenetic and population genetic methods to avoid bias (Yang 1996; Hernandez et al. 2007).
The mean detection rate for trisomy 13 in these four studies was only 87.6%, which one could consider as an insufficient detection rate in a prenatal diagnosis context.
Due to limited monetary resources and the lower utilization rate in a user fee context, interviewers were unable to complete the quota of 50 women in each CSPS of Djibo in two months.
In the financial sector, high interest rates (in a global context of low real rates) encourage the entry of speculative short-term capital, which tends to distort the variables of the real economy.
These results highlight the advantage of estimating rates in a phylogenetic context.
These results highlight the utility of examining absolute substitution rates in a phylogenetic context rather than by traditional pairwise methods.
