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The many murid-shared breaks in synteny (N = 85) as compared with humans is clearly a reflection of the extended common phylogenetic history of mouse and rat, which only became separated into distinct species 16 23 MYA [ 32, 33].
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Of the amorphous silicas examined, AEROSIL® 200 induced the most severe changes in the lungs of rats, which only partly recovered.
Mr. Severino parks his pickup on the curb and hauls out the deflated, folded-up rat, which rises only about knee high.
A rat which has only been around water from its bottle will be a great deal more stressed then a rat introduced to swimming early on.
To assess ability to compete against a conspecific for exclusive access to a reward, we designed and built a testing apparatus (25×25×22 cm) that required rats to enter a narrow runway into which only one rat could fully enter to consume a chocolate reward located at the end wall of the runway (Fig. 1C).
However, this model has proved very difficult to reproduce and the data has not been replicated in mice, rats or primates, in which only a partial response to proteasomal inhibitors is obtained [ 88].
This is in contrast to the lean group, in which only three rats had one tumor each and one rat had two tumors.
After learning this, the rat has a sound introduced which only arises in conjunction with the light and the shock.
The importance of neuropeptide receptor status for cell sensitivity to SP-G was further tested in a rat-1 fibroblast system in which only one neuropeptide receptor (the mouse GRPR) was expressed at high levels (Kd=1 n M, Bmax=10 receptors per cell) (Charlesworth et al, 1996).
The kakapo was all but wiped out when man arrived in New Zealand with a selection of cats, dogs and rats which were only too happy to feast on the strange bird.
However, rats which experienced only temporally discrete seizures (less than 30 min each) suffered neuronal degeneration exclusively in the CA3-CA4 area ipsilateral to the kainic acid infusion, even when other regions exhibited the same total electrographic seizure duration.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com