Sentence examples for rat were retrieved from inspiring English sources

Non-coding sequences of Nfe2l2 and Nfkb1 genes in five mammalian species – human, chimpanzee, dog, mouse and rat – were retrieved using the Non-Coding Sequence Retrieval System (NCSRS) for comparative genomic analysis of gene regulatory elements that has been previously developed and published (Doh et al, 2007) by the Cai Laboratory, and is readily available at http://cell.rutgers.edu/ncsrs/.

The mammalian network of transcription factor genes (human, mouse, rat) was retrieved from the TRANSPATH® Professional database (release 8.3, made in 2007) on signal transduction [ 25] and TRANSFAC® Professional database (release 11.3, made in 2007) on eukaryotic cis-acting regulatory DNA elements and trans-acting factors [ 26].

To further compare the salt-induced phenotypes of homozygous mutants and controls, UPE records of these rats were retrieved and plotted against MAP in Figure 4A.

Known protein-coding gene sets for both mouse and rat were established as follows: genomic coordinates for mouse and rat genes were retrieved from Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) [ 45] and the Rat Genome Database (RGD) [ 46] and filtered to retain only known protein-coding genes.

The SS chromosome 1 mutant rat strains were retrieved from PhenoMiner by selecting 'chromosome 1 mutant' under the 'chromosome altered' folder on the 'Rat Strains Selection' page.

The annotations, sequences, and orthologous relationships of mouse and rat genes were retrieved from Ensembl version 53 (www.ensembl.org), whereas those of yeast genes were obtained from the Saccharomyces Genome Database (www.yeastgenome.org).org

Non-synonymous mutation rate Ka and synonymous mutation rate Ks of human-mouse and human-rat orthologs were retrieved from NCBI HomoloGene database.

To investigate the evolution of PRAME/PRAMEY, the sequences of multiple PRAME loci in the human, chimpanzee, orangutan, mouse, rat and cattle were retrieved from NCBI (Table S2) [18].

Ortholog clusters were generated as follows: 1) the manually curated pairwise ortholog data among human, mouse, and rat from MGI were retrieved and clustered to form initial ortholog clusters.

GO IDs for mouse (NCBIM37) and rat (RGSC3.4) genes were retrieved from ENSEMBL (release 56) using BioMart [ 47].

Maps of the mouse compared to dog, rat, and human were retrieved from the Ensembl genome browser (Comparative Genomics - Synteny, http://www.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/Location/Synteny) database.