In aged rats, the amount of DA associated with light particles was 5 times that found in young rats, whereas the amount of DA associated with heavy particles was the same as that in young rats [ 32].
Compared to non-diabetic rats, the amount of PTEN and phosphorylated PTEN (Ser308/Thr382-383) in the diabetic venae cavae increased 31.4 ± 21.3 % and 41.0 ± 24.2 %, respectively.
In germ-free rats, the amount of urobilin and stercobilin is almost negligible which shows that bilirubin is reduced to urobilins by the intestinal microbial flora exclusively.
In our study in energy-controlled obese pair fed rats, the amount of LPL mRNA was decreased by a high intake compared to a low intake of walnut oil.
For ZDF rats the amount of ETV5 mRNA in the hypothalamus was significantly greater than in the kidney fat and subcutaneous fat (p < 0.001 for HT vs. KF and SF), but slightly missed the significance level versus mesenterial fat (p = 0.058).
Ferin and Oberdörster [74] showed the dust of TiO2 NPs, introduced into the trachea of a rat in the amount of 5 mg per animal, caused respiratory tract cancer within 4 months.
In rat hepatocytes, the amount of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, a marker of DNA oxidative damage, was 16 times higher in mtDNA than in the nuclear DNA [ 9].
Since none of our shotgun reads were overlapping, we can calculate the relation between shotgun sequencing reads of the wild rat and the amount of SNPs that will be found by scaling up this methodology, assuming random distribution of 400 bp shotgun reads over the genome (Fig. 3a).
This suggests that during this short term loss of ovarian hormone function in the mature rat that the amount of mammary epithelium was decreasing at a more rapid rate than epithelial complexity measured as mammary epithelium mass per square centimeter of mammary gland.
The total amount of Connexin43 (C×43) was identical between ZDF and ZDL rats, but the amount of lateralized C×43 was significantly increased in ZDF rats (42±12 %) compared to ZDL rats (30±8%), p<0.04.
