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Due to this defect for active DPP-4, the DPP-4-deficient Fisher-344 rat strain has become available [ 47].
These results demonstrate that rat strain has a large effect on the transcriptomic profile of leukocytes and has the potential to overwhelm the more subtle signature of ACR.
Each inbred rat strain has a unique allelic combination, and the experimentally induced arthritis studied using these models are probably just a small subset of the genetic combinations that could lead to an arthritis phenotype.
It is important to highlight that the LEW rat strain has been used consistently in NTN studies as a robustly reproducible negative control (Aitman et al., 2006; Behmoaras et al., 2008; Behmoaras et al., 2010; Hull et al., 2013; Maratou et al., 2011; Page et al., 2012; Smith et al., 2007).
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The use of genetic markers for mapping traits in rat strains has been exploited for long time already.
Full sequencing of the genomes of several laboratory rat strains has made this possible (Guo et al., 2013; Worthey et al., 2010).
In addition, the question of possible insensitive rat strains has been intensively addressed (Gray et al., 2010; Health Canada, 2008; Chapin et al., 2008; NTP, 2008).
A panel of unique congenic rat strains has now been generated and characterized to confirm the existence of these quantitative trait loci, designated Emca3 through Emca9, and to quantify their individual effects on susceptibility to 17β-estradiol−induced mammary cancer.
Pigmented rat strains have superior vision than albino rat strains and are therefore commonly used in visually-demanding cognitive tests.
Numerous rat strains have been selectively bred for certain biological traits related to specific medical interests.
Large numbers of inbred laboratory rat strains have been developed for a range of complex disease phenotypes.
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