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The rat blood samples (approximately 0.2 mL) were collected in heparinized 1.5 mL polythene tubes at 0.03, 0.08, 0.17, 0.25, 0.33, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 h from their fossa orbitalis after intravenous administration.
Bartonella DNA was detected in 135 (67.5%) of 200 rat blood samples.
We applied statistical analyses to examine the difference in gene expression between the control and arthritic rat blood samples.
The level of TNF-α, IL-1β, VEGF-α, and IL-17 in the rat blood samples were measured as previously described by Cai et al. [ 11].
For the determination of the adenine serum concentration, in one rat, blood samples were drawn from a carotis canula at different time intervals (5, 15, 25, 40, 55 and 70 min after the bolus adenine injection).
In addition, Bushel et al. [ 13] demonstrated that gene expression profiles from rat blood samples could accurately predict exposure levels of acetaminophen to the rat liver better than traditional clinical panels.
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In separate groups of rats, blood samples were collected via the carotid artery under anesthesia 12 h after fasting to examine the effects of these pharmacological agents on metabolic parameters.
Levels of LTB4 in rat blood plasma samples were determined using the LTB4 Express EIA kit.
Rat blood venous samples were collected before intrarectal instillation of TNBS to assess the baseline concentration and after 6 days of treatments.
The amount of PGE2 in the cell culture medium, the supernatants of mPGES-1 activity assays, and the rat blood plasma samples were determined using the PGE2 monoclonal EIA kit according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Using a novel microdialysis method to measure plasma concentrations of 5-HT in rat whole blood samples, we directly tested the 5-HT hypothesis.
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