This ability, generally called robustness, requires a cell to rapidly activate different gene sets and maintain their activity for as long as necessary.
Furthermore, in rat adipocytes, physiological concentrations (0.1 10 n M) of oestrogen have been shown to rapidly activate the p42/p44 MAPK independently of transcriptional activation.
Whether it is cocaine, alcohol, opiates, you name it, drugs rapidly activate the brain's reward system — a primitive neural circuit buried beneath the cortex — and release dopamine.
The modding method allows for bump firing, allowing semi-automatic weapons to fire similarly to fully automatic ones, using the gun's kickback to rapidly activate the trigger.
Condensate throttling is one of the few efficient methods which can be used to rapidly activate stored energy enough for unit load support.
The present findings indicate that the capability to rapidly activate the quadriceps muscle group is an important factor accounting for inter-individual variability of walking speed among older men, but not among older women.
At the early stage of high-salt stress, Kandelia candel can rapidly activate antioxidant defense system to resist the salt induced oxidative stress, thus reducing the damages of oxidative stress to plasma membrane, which might be an effective means for Kandelia candel to resist high salt stress.
One of the motifs, named an incoherent type 2 feed-forward loop has the capacity to rapidly activate genetic circuits [22] and may be functioning to rapidly activate ssRNAs to down regulate target lRNAs.
Nicotine is an addictive substance and has been shown to rapidly activate several extracellular, mitogenic-related pathways for growth promotion [26] [28].
Yersinia YopJ and YopP have been shown to rapidly activate programmed cell death (apoptosis) in macrophages and dendritic cells, but not human epithelial cells [19] [27].
It is possible that RER whorls function by providing a mechanism to rapidly activate midgut secretion pathways upon feeding, rather than expend energy maintaining them in the absence of feeding.
