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B. bovis contains two identical rap 1 genes in tandem and a shorter rap 1 related protein gene (RRP) located ~30 kbp from the rap 1 locus.
The T. equi rap 1 locus contains two tandemly arranged genes: BEWA_037610 contains two rap-1 domains, and BEWA_037600 contains three rap-1 domains.
The general structure of rap 1 in Theileria spp. is different from that in B. bovis, with the Theileria proteins containing more than one rap-1 domain.
Three rap 1 genes were identified in T. parva and four in T. annulata.
At 3 d.p.i., cells were treated for 24 h with rapamycin (Rap, 1 μM) or BafA1 (10 nM).
Members of the rhoptry associated protein-1 (rap 1) gene family are candidates for vaccine development in Babesia spp. Immunization of cattle with purified native RAP-1 of B. bigemina resulted in partially protective responses, and is one of three antigens in a recombinant vaccine developed in Australia [ 47].
Similar(54)
Right ventricle systolic pressure (RVSP) = pressure gradient between the RV and RA = 4 × [tricuspid regurgitant Doppler jet velocity (meters/second)]2 + right atrial pressure (RAP) [1].
We therefore characterized the rap-1 gene that codes for the antigen (rhoptry-associated protein, RAP-1) used in the cELISA, from South African B. caballi isolates.
The sequences showed between 79%and81%1% identity to B. caballi rap-1 gene sequences that have been reported in the literature (accession numbers: AF092736 and AB017700).
The GenomeWalker Universal kit (Clonetech) was used to amplify the regions flanking the 615 bp B. caballi rap-1 fragment from two South African isolates.
Transient transfection constructs were initially generated using the promoter and the 3′ region of the rap-1 genes of B. bovis controlling expression of luciferase as a reporter.
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