A rank plot of population numbers (Figure 2b), however, has a clear S-shape: although most cells have a population of around 15,000 (mean 15,500, median 12,897), there are outliers in both directions.
We used nationwide survey data from police chiefs and front line officers, and we were able to account for variation in officer rank, size of population served, and department location when estimating the proportion of time officers spent on various duties.
We combined measures of allelic richness, genetic variation within, and divergence among, populations and morphological variation to provide a conservation ranking of populations.
Following independent ranking of populations for the five variables, the average rank across all five was used to order populations from most hot and dry to most cold and wet, and to compare relative climates in the tree topologies.
The choice of health inequality measure can affect the ranking of populations according to IRHI in comparative studies, and this sensitivity will inevitably carry over to mobility indices derived from the decomposition of changes in IRHI measures over time.
Results were summarized across the first three axes only as they contributed the most to the total morphological variance and analyzing up to five axes total did not affect the relative ranking of populations in morphological space (see Results).
We further contribute to this literature by suggesting a novel way to present the level of inequality in a set of populations, combining several value judgments onto a single graph, which informs the reader about the nature of inequality differences between populations and facilitates a deeper understanding of how and why the choice of index affects the ranking of populations.
In addition with other criteria such as the habitat quality, fishing intensity and the population density, genetic ranking of populations has now been integrated in the decision process to optimize stocking strategies in order to reduce the genetic impacts of stocking on wild lake trout populations.
Although the ranking of populations could easily be updated with new data, it would be preferable to sample as widely as possible such that all geographic areas, ecotypes, and putative genetic groups (perhaps inferred from geography) are represented in the initial study to minimize shifting ranking among populations (cf. Crandall et al. 2000).
To clarify how the value judgments affects the ranking of populations in general, we present, in Figure 5, a second example using a larger subsample of the countries from a European comparison of socioeconomic inequality in a self-assessed health variable (the health variable is calibrated such that zero is equivalent to being dead and one is full health).
