Keeping in mind that the number of patients randomized with shock is quite modest, no prospective study reports any hemodynamic adverse event using intermittent modality.
Subjects were randomized to a number of different sequences, to balance for order effects.
In contrast, the study by Courtney and colleagues, which randomized a similar number of infants, found a significant benefit of HFOV over conventional ventilation in terms of earlier extubation and survival without oxygen therapy [ 39].
1. We are bracketing cases where the players can flip a coin or, more generally, randomize between a number of strategies.
The one randomized trial and a number of case reports also showed a beneficial effect of rituximab treatment on SSc lung disease [ 3, 8, 9].
Therefore, when planning a cluster randomized trial, the optimal strategy is indeed to randomize a large number of clusters [ 1, 2, 12, 29].
Given the enriched and complex chemotherapy treatment options available to mCC patients, it would have been difficult to recruit and randomize a large number of patients into different treatment strategies using a clinical trial approach.
Subsequently, the World Health Organization promoted circumcision in high-risk populations as part of an overall program to reduce the spread of HIV, although some have challenged the validity of the African randomized controlled trials, prompting a number of researchers to question the effectiveness of circumcision as an HIV prevention strategy.
These criteria can be met by establishing trials in which replicated genotypes of a foundation species are randomized in space at a number of different sites covering the range of environmental conditions from which they were sampled [ 9, 10].
INCANT succeeded in randomizing study participants on a number of stratification variables, but one set of variables could not be included in the randomization process: the local treatment culture in a city/country, and the local referral and other treatment-related policies.
