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Therefore, to obtain a minimum sample size of 50 allele sequences per gene, amplification and direct sequencing was performed from a random panel of 89 of the Gambian isolates together with positive and negative control samples in a 96-well array.
We also generated an additional panel (2 k random panel) by randomly sub-sampling 10% of the 21 k random panel to match the marker density of the AIMs panels.
In each panel of Figure 4, the random panel is used as a baseline for evaluating two of the other four panel-selection methods.
As shown in Table 1, both imputation with a random panel and imputation with the diverse panel generate a subtle underestimate of allele frequency.
We then compared how many of those masked sites appear as polymorphic in the maximum-PD panel, the minimum-ADCL panel, and a single random panel.
We then randomly selected one-third of the SNPs to obtain a random marker panel (21 k random panel) that had 10-fold greater marker density than the AIMs panels.
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Rather than slits, there were zippers, running at odd angles across skirts, and safari shirts with random panels of fine pleats.
Some of the blousy tops had random panels of basket-woven fabric, to give them more form, and Mr. Watanabe freely blended floral tops with ruched red gingham skirts or low-slung denim skirts made from opening up and restitching a pair of jeans.
Of the 3972 remaining sites, 1138 (8.86%) were polymorphic in both the maximum-PD and minimum-ADCL panels, 244 (1.90%) were polymorphic in both the maximum-PD and random panels, and 374 (2.91%) were polymorphic in both the minimum-ADCL and random panels.
In addition, 464 (3.61%), 473 (3.68%), and 391 (3.04%) sites were polymorphic in only the maximum-PD, minimum-ADCL, and random panels, respectively.
The discordance rate of the most diverse panel is lower than that of all except 2 of the 50 random panels (rank 3).
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