The national post-independence governments initially established five regional ranching schemes: Ankole (west); Masaka, Singo and Buruli (central) and Bunyoro (west) on extensive pastoral lands, and leased them to influential politicians and cooperative societies of political elites (Doornbos and Lofchie 1970, Mugerwa and Zziwa 2014, Pulkol 1994).
With more and more Masaai have settling into group ranching schemes, where former communal land was being divided into private holdings with title deeds, provision of clean and safe drinking water became a priority, says Samuel Oruma, the project manager at Tanathi Water Services Board.
On the other hand, 48.3%% of the respondents informally own land which is still held under the group ranch scheme.
Individuals with title deeds are more likely to adopt crop-based regimes while those still operating under the group ranch scheme have a livestock-based management system.
For individual landowners participating in a group ranch scheme and who received benefits from the state after cost deductions, income derived from the maintenance of a lion on their ranch as tourist resource was $91,000 as compared with $600 paid out as hunting fees if the lion was sold out for sport hunting and $250 if hunted for the skin.
Siting cattle ranches near rural communities is an important determinant for community acceptance of a cattle ranch, while fees as well as ranch sanitation levels would have significant effects on pastoralist decisions to use group ranch schemes.
A similar set of problems have so far derailed an attempt to store water under the Madera Ranch in San Joaquin Valley a scheme, whose backers included Marc Reisner, a prominent writer on water in the west.This sort of intransigence turns the spotlight back on to Mr Davis.
Part of the property used to be a ranch, and the design scheme is distinctly country.
They range across the conservation landscape (pun intended), including land-acquisition projects in the American west, a Kenyan cattle ranch, an Australian water trading scheme, protected marine reserves in the Seychelles and Belize and green urban infrastructure designed to improve water quality around Washington DC.
The proposed relocation scheme would move rhinos to individual ranches in Texas, and the relocation plan would provide South African ranchers with partial ownership of the transported rhinos' offspring.
