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The movement of adults to rainfed cotton during late summer is indicated by the broad arrow.
Yields in rainfed cotton depend on timing, distribution, and quantity of monsoon rains.
Use of Bt cotton seed and insecticide in rainfed cotton is questionable.
Fig. 5 Simulated phenology of cotton fruiting and PBW in irrigated and rainfed cotton at Yavatmal, MH, during 2005.
High-density short-season cottons could increase yields and reduce input costs in irrigated and rainfed cotton.
Pink bollworm causes damage in irrigated cotton, but not in rainfed cotton unless infested from irrigated fields.
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Most cotton in India is rainfed, and Bt cotton provides only prophylactic protection against late season spillover of pink bollworm from irrigated fields (see Figs. 1, 5) and against outbreaks of bollworm and Bt susceptible pests caused by area-wide insecticide disruption.
In order, the distribution of cotton in India is reviewed, and the ecology of irrigated and rainfed non-Bt cotton and PBW is examined in detail using the Yavatmal district, Maharashtra (MH) state, in central India as an example.
These factors are major constraints in the predominant rainfed small farm cotton culture of south-central India.
Cotton in AP, GJ, KA, and MH is mostly rainfed, but some irrigated cotton is also grown (see Fig. 1c vs. 1d).
Most cotton in India is rainfed (Fig. 1d, e) with higher rates of irrigated cotton planted in the states of Punjab (PJ), Haryana (HR), and Rajasthan (RJ) (see map Fig. 1c, e).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com