Several studies have shown that CFTR dysfunction leads to an imbalance in sphingolipid homeostasis [ 6] and that its localization in the lipid raft influences membrane ceramide composition [ 188, 189].
Further, to understand how receptor localization within lipid rafts influences G-protein signaling, the maximum level of G-protein activation was measured as the response in different simulations.
The association with a lipid raft can influence the function of a protein (Paik et al. 2003; Pike 2006; Sonnino and Prinetti 2013).
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Further, lipid raft coverage influences lipid raft-mediated G-protein signaling by controlling the density of membrane signaling molecules in the raft region.
Lipid rafts additionally influence viral survival indirectly because they serve as signaling platforms for a proinflammatory signaling cascade as well as for antiviral pathways, and they help regulate intracellular lipid storage within the parenchymal liver cells.
Long-chain saturated-free fatty acids such as palmitate accumulate in membrane lipid rafts and influence the lipid environment, which might result in altered downstream signaling by affecting receptor functions (reviewed in Simons & Toomre, 2000).
In fact, proteins located in these microdomains are severely limited in their ability to freely diffuse over the plasma membrane, and their concentration and association into lipid rafts can influence their function and signaling.
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