Conventional cancer treatments, such as tumor-targeting radiotherapy and systematic chemotherapy, mainly target the observable mass of tumor cells.
Despite the best treatment regimen currently available, which consists of surgery, radiotherapy, and systematic chemotherapy, the prognosis of patients with gliomas is poor.
Current Australian guidelines for the treatment of early breast cancer recommend that women be treated using a multidisciplinary approach involving appropriate surgery, radiotherapy, and systematic adjuvant therapy [ 1, 2].
Implementing Incident learning in radiotherapy is a systematic and complicated project.
Postoperative focal or systematic radiotherapy remains controversial in younger patients for several reasons, including uncertainty in prognosis, little supporting evidence, and the potential adverse long-term effects on brain function [7], [8], [11].
Metallic radionuclides represent very important tools in nuclear medicine – both in non-invasive molecular imaging (SPECT, PET) and for radiotherapy; cf. the systematic use of e.g. 111In for SPECT, 68Ga for PET, 90Y and several lanthanide radioisotopes for therapy.
Omitting lymphadenectomy carries a risk of inadequate staging, leading to secondary lymphadenectomy or systematic adjuvant radiotherapy.
Second, patients diagnosed with metastases to the pituitary should receive local, pituitary-specific treatment, including surgery or radiotherapy, before initiation of systematic treatment.
No systematic anticancer treatment, radiotherapy or pleurodesis was permitted during the trial.
Lung cancer was then conspicuous, because of its increasing incidence and the emergent interest in smoking as a cause, but systematic trials of radiotherapy on nonoperable cases laboriously confirmed the poor expectations.
