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Huang, X. et al. A global climatology of outgoing longwave spectral cloud radiative effect and associated effective cloud properties.
The adjustments of stratospheric temperature are included in the forcing because its response time is on the order of months, and the subsequent forcing thus represents a more effective measure of radiative effect on the troposphere-surface system (Hansen et al. 1997; Stuber et al. 2001).
The sum of radiative effect anomalies from the four simulations agreed with the radiative effect anomaly from the control simulation to within 2%.
Fig. 3: The relationship between aerosol radiative effect anomaly and global temperature anomaly.
The correlation (r) between the radiative effect and temperature anomaly are shown in each panel.
The global annual mean radiative effect was calculated for each simulation.
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Fig. 2: Interannual variability in aerosol radiative effects.
A climatology of surface cloud radiative effects at the ARM Tropical Western Pacific sites.
Scott, C. E. et al. The direct and indirect radiative effects of biogenic secondary organic aerosol.
Rap, A. et al. Natural aerosol direct and indirect radiative effects.
Satheesh, S. K. & Moorthy, K. K. Radiative effects of natural aerosols: a review.
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