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Shading devices installed on windows are designed to reduce solar radiation transmission into the space by absorbing and reflecting radiation rays.
In order to ensure uniform radiation distribution, the tubes containing cells were placed in the water tank, and electron radiation rays went through the center of tubes.
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High-energy radiation (γ-rays, X-rays and electron beams), heat and strong mechanical stress are all examples of energies that can break chemical bonds.
As a deeply penetrating ionizing radiation, gamma rays cause significant biochemical changes in living cells (see radiation injury).
Treatment with inorganic arsenical drugs and exposure to ionizing radiation (X rays, radium) may also contribute to some cases.
There are two main sources of cosmic radiation: cosmic rays, a near-constant rain of high-energy particles arriving from elsewhere in our galaxy, and more sporadic bursts of particles from the sun, called solar energetic particles.
In addition, ROS may also result from cellular injury due to exposure to ionizing radiation, ultraviolet rays, cigarette smoking, or other air pollutants and toxic chemicals [ 25, 26].
heat radiation and rays traveling in all 3 common states of matter.
and dosimeters exposed to both x-rays and external natural radiation (x-rays + ext. rad), respectively.
The phase composition of the samples was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using CuKα radiation (X-ray wavelength λ = 0.15406 nm).
We focused on the characterization of GaN nanodots by scanning photoemission microscopy (SPEM) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) from a synchrotron radiation x-ray source.
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