Therefore, high-dose ionizing radiation examinations such as CT can only be justified in pregnant women when the study is overwhelmingly in the best health interest of the mother, i.e., there is no diagnostic alternative [39].
The knowledge about CA was assessed by four facts: access via femoral artery, the use of contrast medium and X-radiation during examination and the feasibility for PCI.
Lack of knowledge may result in more ionizing radiation imaging examinations being requested when other nonradiation tests could be performed or when different lower-dose imaging tests could be performed.
No patient had any known direct or prompt adverse event due to this study, besides undergoing a mammogram and being exposed to the examination radiation.
Indeed, multiphase CT leads to a direct increase in radiation dose per examination and is seldom required in follow-up CT studies, as lesion characterisation can usually be obtained with a single targeted CT examination.
The ionizing radiation dose per examination was 0.006 mSv corresponding to 0.2% of the annual background radiation on earth (average background dose for humans are 2.4 mSv annually.
Information about reproductive and menstrual history, hormone use, smoking and alcohol use, breast examination, radiation exposure, and family history of breast cancer were collected by telephone using a standardized questionnaire.
If the FDG PET/CT data are used for radiation planning, the examination should be carried out in the radiation position using the same dedicated radio-opaque positioning devices as used in the radiotherapy department (e.g. same table tops, laser alignment, immobilisation measures, etc).. Scan acquisition depends on various factors, including the system type and acquisition mode (2D, 3D).
If the FDG PET/CT data are used for radiation planning, the examination should be performed in the position used for radiotherapy treatment, employing the same dedicated positioning devices as are used in the radiotherapy department (e.g. the same radiotherapy table top, laser alignment, immobilisation devices and measures) [ 15 ].
Surprisingly there are a very few studies directly or indirectly examining the ACL by ultrasound despite it being an ideal (wide availability, quick completion, and economical and nonionizing radiation nature) screening examination to assess the size of a normal ACL [ 12– 15].
