Exact(4)
Actually, real trees are quite imbalanced, and more so if the taxa are above the species level [39].
However, at this prevalence level the confounder would still have to be both quite imbalanced and increase the mortality risk several fold in order to account for the observed OR, even after taking publication bias into account.
The naturalistic sample of this study has a number of advantages and disadvantages attached: while it is quite representative of real life patients, the distribution of internalising and externalising pathology turned out to be quite imbalanced and comorbid occurrence of internalising and externalising symptoms was high.
However, a highly prevalent confounding factor that doubles the mortality risk would still have to be quite imbalanced between the statin non-users and the statin users (OR of exposure to confounder approaching 4) while a more balanced confounder (OR = 2) would have to increase mortality by 4-fold in order to account for the observed association between statins and mortality.
Similar(56)
A detailed learning algorithm for the pf-NNs is presented with particular provisions made for dealing with imbalanced classes encountered quite commonly in software quality problems.
See Supplementary Files Imbalanced.arff and PsoUnder-sampled.arff for imbalanced and PSO undersampled datasets, respectively.
Unlike other diagnostic biases, the label skewness bias is hard to detect and conquer, especially the implicit label skewness bias that usually demonstrate quite normal or even some good diagnostic accuracy but with imbalanced sensitivity and specificity.
However, LDM generally has imbalanced margin distribution between two classes on imbalanced training data.
In an imbalanced dataset, the positive and negative classes can be quite different in both size and distribution.
In Mr. Forsman's imbalanced production, however, the lucid depiction of this Brahmin couple is not quite the full family portrait the playwright intended.
Due to the dimensionless whirl frequency being found to be close to 12 over quite a large range of system parameters, the periodically perturbed Hopf bifurcation in 12 subharmonic resonance is dealt with for an imbalanced rotor system.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com