The 13 included studies reported on a total of 1032 consultations and varied in terms of research question, population, and analysis methods.
[ 7] Authors need to develop a literature search strategy based on key elements in their research question: population, intervention (plus acceptable comparators), and outcomes.
We examined whether the reports stated each of the five elements of a structured research question: population, intervention, comparator, outcome and time-frame.
23 24 The study aims were structured in a systematic way, using the elements of a clinical research question (population, intervention, comparator and outcome/PICO).
We collected data for each included article across a range of elements, including e.g. authors, journal, study question, population, intervention, setting, perspective and, funding source (see Additional file 1).
Data emerging from the analysis of the identified variables have therefore been aggregated and described in terms of the three identified elements of the research question (population, intervention and outcomes/study design).
(i) Prior to the environmental change in question, populations have a phenotypic distribution and level of genetic variation in key traits that have been shaped by their past evolutionary history.
These markers will be used to gain a better understanding of various evolutionary questions including population genetic diversity and differentiation, population demography, and gene flow of Miscanthus species.
On questions of population decline, immigration policy and the welfare state, continuities of ideas, and even personnel, were evident.
