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Exact(5)
It is this quantity, given by the guiding equation, that the theory specifies directly and simply.
The probability of is a finite quantity given by (B.29).
We study the relative orientation of the incoming flow (normalized by its corresponding quantity given by the null model) and picture it by eight-segment compasses, which we show in Figure 5 on the central and inner London underground map.
The delta method extends the propagation of error analysis by noting that, by the central limit theorem, the random quantity given by the linear approximation can be approximated by a normal distribution.
To be more precise, this predictive quantity given by (5) CP O ij = Π (y ij | y − ij ) constitutes the position of the observed value y ij within the leave-one-out cross-validatory posterior predictive distribution evaluated at the observed value y ij.
Similar(54)
To describe the MDF algorithm, we define as the frame index and the following time-domain quantities given by (8).
By using the definition of the α jk quantities given by Eq. (15), we see that Eq. (26) are equivalent with (28).
During the interface shearing process, we analyze the shear velocity field vx and its gradient field, both of which are extracted on the basis of kinematic quantities given by grains.
Each of them leads to a simple and explicit expression of the relationship between the material properties (i.e., representative stresses, or reduced modulus and representative stresses) and the directly measurable quantities given by the spherical indentation loading unloading curves.
The proper space for distortional strain energy density is that of equivalent quantities, given by Equation (1) in the main body of this paper, where each shear stress corresponds to a shear strain.
Its characteristic quantities, given by the horizontal distances, δmax and δv= 0, where the velocity reaches the maximum and where it is equal to zero, remain nearly unchanged, while the maximum velocity, vmax, in spite of the counteracting Lorentz force, increases faster as compared to pure natural convection, depending on the current density.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com