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We just aren't drinking milk in the quantities we used to.
To estimate these quantities, we used the method of Storey and Tibshirani to analyze the complete distribution of p-values to estimate the overall proportion of truly alternative tests [49].
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For the first two quantities, we use the well known sliding-window technique with a window size of 125 samples (about 48 λ according to [14]) to calculate the local mean and standard deviation in each window.
To calculate all these quantities we use nonlinear systems ((A.4)–(A.6) in MA [see Additional file 1 ]) which evidently depend on the current population sizes in a complex way.
To calculate these quantities, we use a new version of Merlin [ Abecasis and Wigginton, 2005] that can estimate IBD sharing given a number of markers, taking into account LD within haplotype blocks.
When a nurse documented a range of doses instead of a fixed quantity, we used the average amount for calculations.
The individual application for a prescription holds information on prescribed dosage and total quantity; we used this to estimate the duration of treatment.
To reveal the regulatory effect of SNPs, prerequisites of the number of related SNPs located in a gene' s expanded gene region were used to filter some probes, and the threshold of SNP quantity we used here was 6.
For a data set of size n, the quantity we used for our comparisons was [For more details see Supplemental Material, section S2 (doi:10.1289/ehp.1002118).] The present study is on lung cancer only.
To evaluate this quantity, we use the spectral decomposition of (mathcal{G}): it reads (mathcal{G} = int_{R>0} mathcal{G}_{R},dP(R)), where (mathcal{G}_{R}) is the covariance function of a real-valued monochromatic invariant field on (mathbb {R}^{2}), hence is equal to (frac{1}{2}vaR}amma_{recallecall that (varGamma_{R}) was defined in Eq. (1), and is real-valued).
To arrive at this quantity, we use the mean value of the facilitationvariable averaged across all presynaptic spikes [17]: 〈 F − 〉 = [ 1 + r τ F f F / p 0]1 1 + f F r τ F (8). and the variance of this quantity [9]: σ F − 2 = r τ F f F 2 ( 1 / p 0−− 1 ) 2 ( 1 + r τ F f F ) 2 [ 2 + r τ F f F ( 2 − f F ) ]. (9).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com