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Learning Objective 1. Demonstrate quantitative numeracy and facility with the language of mathematics.
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Many of the recent studies evaluating the relationship between literacy and health have focused on print literacy with little attention given to quantitative or numeracy related skills.
Identify whether your skills lie in numeracy (quantitative research) or whether talking to people face-to-face and learning about cultures (qualitative research) is more appealing to you.
Quantitative literacy (QL), also known as numeracy, is a "habit of mind," the skill of using simple mathematical thinking to make sense of numerical information (National Council on Education and the Disciplines, 2001).
We draw upon the distributed cognition perspective to argue that essential ingredients for the productive use of quantitative health information include not only health numeracy but also good provider communication skills, as well as documents and devices that are designed to enhance comprehension and cognition.
Moreover, studies have been advancing for communicating quantitative risk information with consideration of patients' numeracy, such as supplementing numerical data with visual or verbal aides, using natural frequencies rather than probabilities, or presenting risks with both negative and positive frames (reviewed in [ 10, 11, 40- 43]).
However, the quantitative literacy domain from IALS was broadened to numeracy in this new assessment to reflect the evolving perspectives of experts in the field.
The instrument used was the Numeracy Test to assess their Numeracy thinking.
Answering DCE questions can be a complex task and accuracy of responses may eventually depend on participants' numeracy level (i.e. ability to interpret quantitative information) [ 32], language skills, familiarity of subject, and attentiveness while completing the questionnaire.
While common for patients with low literacy to have inadequate quantitative skills, patients with adequate literacy may still have difficulty with numeracy.
Health numeracy has gained increasing attention, as the amount of quantitative information, such as the probability of survival outcomes for different medical treatments, is increasingly present in medical risk information [ 6, 7].
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