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Partition of quality control substrates to either compartment seems to depend on their ubiquitination status and aggregation state.
We found that the impairment of the degradation of these quality control substrates at the restrictive temperature is associated with the suppression of thermosensitive phenotype.
The results shown in Figure 5H suggest that during aging, the cell is increasingly stressed by insoluble quality control substrates that have to be degraded by autophagy.
We show that BAG1 and BAG3 regulate proteasomal and autophagic degradation pathways, respectively, and that a switch from BAG1 to BAG3 during aging triggers degradation of insoluble, aggregated quality control substrates by autophagy.
Thus, we conclude that a proper ratio of BAG1/BAG3, adjusted to the ratio of soluble to insoluble (aggregated) quality control substrates, might be more important to maintain proteostasis than the abundance of BAG3.
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This suggested that RESET may be dependent on a feature of the ER quality control substrate.
Additionally, two intermembrane space (IMS) proteins involved in mitochondrial quality control are substrates of PINK1: the chaperone TRAP1/ Hsp75 (Ref. 44) and the serine protease HTRA2/OMI (Ref. 29).
Thus, Hsp90 client proteins would not be exempt from the quality control typical for the substrates of Hsp70 (Fig. 3).
ERPO may represent an ER quality control pathway for multiple ER substrates, since aggregation-prone mutant forms of seipin that are associated with an autosomal dominant motor neuron disease, accumulate in the same compartment [ 27].
Despite the relative paucity of insight into the mechanism of p97 function, considerable progress has been made recently in linking p97 to various substrates and quality control processes within the UPS.
In this context, it needs to be emphasized that previous biochemical analyses of EDEM1 interaction with quality control machinery proteins and ERAD substrates were performed with cells transiently overexpressing tagged EDEM1 (Hosokawa et al. 2003; Molinari et al. 2003; Oda et al. 2003).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com