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Expectation Ex is the most representative value of the qualitative concept in the domain space.
Hempel (1945) took the lead in attempting to explicate the qualitative concept while Carnap (1950 , 1952 concentrated on the quantitative concept.
The proposed algorithm abstracts the target time series into mutually overlapping conceptual granules sequences then predicts them by inference judgment of qualitative concept extension.
Since a concept definitely has the property of granularity, mapping of quantitative values to a suitable grain-sized qualitative concept is also the process of granularity optimization.
Cloud models are described by three numerical characteristics: expectation (Ex) as the most typical sample which represents the qualitative concept, entropy (En) as the uncertainty measurement of the qualitative concept and hyper entropy (He) which represents the uncertain degree of entropy, see Fig. 1c.
Evidence-based recommendations for the a priori estimation of sample size are needed for qualitative concept elicitation (CE) interview studies in clinical outcome assessment (COA) instrument development.
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This paper reviews the inclusion of qualitativeness in design, makes the case for its necessity, and classifies qualitative concepts in design optimization, before moving onto a comparison between sequential single objective and multi-objective optimization with regards to simultaneous handling of qualitative and quantitative criteria.
Although the pursuit of exact verbal definitions of qualitative concepts is usually not profitable in physical science, the Brønsted Lowry definition of acids and bases has had far-reaching consequences in the understanding of a wide range of phenomena and in the stimulation of much experimental work.
Confirmatory, qualitative concept-elicitation interviews were conducted to provide final, supportive evidence of the importance of the concepts of nausea and vomiting for patients who experienced these adverse reactions associated with oral calcimimetic cinacalcet.
The cloud model is a model of mutual conversion between qualitative concepts and quantitative descriptions.
We demonstrate that ENA provides powerful tools for describing local stability, combining quantitative and qualitative concepts.
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