Results show that the designed PV/T/D system could largely remove the heat generated on the PV cells so that the higher PV operation efficiency could be achieved.
The cost of intermittency, excluding any benefits attained from PV operation, rises to 1.3 ¢/kWh of energy provided by PV at 20 GW of PV deployment.
This is very important for PV operation, since the generation of triplet excitons on the PCBM domains is expected to have a detrimental effect on device performance.
Open image in new window Fig. 11 PV plant operation (smart operation, three inverters).
It is important to underline that during the observation period after the activation of the smart operation, the inverter #1 showed no disconnection due to HV at PCC. Open image in new window Fig. 12 PV plant operation (smart operation, inverter #1).
Open image in new window Fig. 9 PV plant operation (no smart operation, three inverters).
Open image in new window Fig. 10 PV plant operation (no smart operation, inverter #1). Figure 10 shows with more detail the behavior of inverter #1 in the time interval 12 15 00 14 00 00 and cannot produce energy.
12-h PV day operation, 12-h electrical grid night operation system.
12-h PV day operation, 12-h diesel genset night operation system.
To investigate the effect of combining pairs of alternatives PV-genset and PV-electrical grid to create more options for decision-makers, the following additional two options could be implemented: 12-h PV day operation, 12-h diesel genset night operation system.
Data evaluation methods have wide adaptations, such as feedbacks to PV system operation management and design.
