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New Zealand's pupil sample is tested at the age (Mage = 14.1) and grade (8.5 9.5) between Norway's grade 8 and grade 9 (see Table 1), and its achievement score is at the level of Norway's grade 9.
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To ensure comparability with the international reports, we followed the design-based statistical inference approach using plausible-value estimation of the science achievement and science domain achievement measures accounting for TIMSS sampling design features through total pupil sampling weight in combination with replicate weights to obtain proper standard errors.
Models accounted for correlated observations within the school because of cluster sampling and pupil sampling weights.
Models accounted for correlated observations within the school caused by cluster sampling and pupil sampling weights as well as sampling stratification by geographical strata.
The majority of pupils sampled in all three arms had no detectable E. coli on their hands.
2, 52 Additionally, hand washing observations confirmed that soap was not always available for hand washing in all the intervention schools during all of the visits; therefore, lack of compliance decreased the likelihood that all pupils sampled from the intervention schools had the opportunity to wash hands with soap.
Thus the distance between the entrance pupil and sample plane is estimated as 4cm.
The instrument was used to sample pupil position monocularly at 500 Hz (the chosen eye was alternated across participants).
For example, 21 lenslets are included in a 0.6 mm pupil, enough to sample the wavefront up to 5th order Zernikes.
The compensation method consisted of computing the actual direction of the laser beam incident to the specimen and the actual direction back to the viewpoint (lens entrance pupil) for every sample point on the specimen surface.
Random selection of the 25 schools was by systematic probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling; two classes were drawn at random from each school, and 10 pupils from each class, totaling 500 pupils in the sample.
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