However, often those experiencing them describe them as harrowing and punitive experiences, and those who run the gauntlet feel that being investigated creates a stigma affecting them both personally and professionally.
Those who contribute to a public good sometimes experience punitive sentiments toward others.
And this is precisely what the government intends people to experience, since punitive policies enhance a sense of guilt.
Research suggests that experiencing overly punitive discipline in school increases the likelihood of a student dropping out of school — a phenomenon known as "school pushout".
Infants may also be affected by their mothers' feelings of guilt and shame at being in prison, their lack of control over their own environment, and their difficulties with prison authority figures which may be reminiscent of punitive parenting that they experienced in the past (Baradon et al., 2008).
Employers had decided the punitive aspects of the work experience scheme were a reputational hazard.
In both Delhi and Hanoi the experience of brief "punitive" invasion by China respectively still colours attitudes.
But, in my experience, the system emphasized punitive measures over any attempt at real rehabilitation.
Although these authors identify how families moved through and began to cope with the changes they were experiencing, they also described punitive strategies used by families such as removing access to food [ 9], avoiding eating out of the home [ 28] and avoiding eating with the person with dementia [ 29].
Some observers believe that these bad habits are just the result of a lack of exposure to international travel, which will be cured by experience and time rather than punitive measures.
