Sentence examples for punishment p from inspiring English sources

Bazemore and Maruna (2009) define restorative justice as "'doing justice' by repairing the harm caused by crime in a non-adversarial process that invites offenders to 'take responsibility' rather than simply take their punishment" (p. 376).

In this game, the frequency of mutual cooperation was significantly higher than that of mutual defection (reward, R, and punishment, P, trials, respectively).

If they both cooperate, they each receive a reward, R, which is larger than the punishment, P, obtained if they both defect.

If both cooperate they receive a higher payoff (Reward, R) than if they both defect (Punishment, P), but if one defects when the other cooperates, the defector receives the highest payoff (Temptation, T) whereas the cooperating individual receives the lowest (Sucker, S).

Multivariate analysis identified two risk factors for CAMHP at T2: aggravation of the child's physical punishment (p = 0.009) and aggravation of maternal anxiety/depression (p = 0.056) (Table 2).

Most reported parenting styles did not differ between OW/OB and NW children except that the parenting style of parents of the OW/OB children included more corporal punishment (p = 0.03).> -wrap-foot> * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.

From (40), it follows that an increase in the audit rate or the punishment fee, p or α, or an increase in the tax rate, z, will, for a given tax base, always increase government revenues.

This rule does not apply either for choices between negative outcomes (i.e. after a temptation trial, T, or a punishment trial, P), nor to the game where the stooge is playing a pseudo-random strategy, where on each trial the rat's choice may lead to one of four possible outcomes, both positive and negative (see Figure S3).

When Darwin began considering the evolution of morality, he reflected on a possible role for the "fear of others acting in unison" and "the fear of punishment" (M Notebook, p. 151; Darwin 1871, p. 92).

As a result, immigration law has been repurposed as a powerful 'adjunct to the criminal justice system, but one that lacks comparable judicial oversight, and operates to facilitate arbitrary and excessive forms of punishment' (Chacon, 2013, p. 93).

If both players cooperate each receives a net benefit (Reward) of R = b - c, while mutual cheating results in a Punishment payoff of P = 0.